What is GIS?

 As an emerging technology itself, the field of geographic information systems (GIS) is constantly evolving.  



Over a span of twenty years, members of the geographic information community have seen this technology advance from command line, workstation-based software to tools that can now be used in the cloud and via mobile devices.

So, What is GIS?

This is probably the most asked question posed to those in the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) field and is probably the hardest to answer in a succinct and clear manner. GIS is a technological field that incorporates geographical features with tabular data in order to map, analyze, and assess real-world problems.

The key word to this technology is Geography – this means that some portion of the data is spatial.  This means that the data  is in some way referenced to locations on the earth. Coupled with this data is usually tabular data known as attribute data.  Attribute data can be generally defined as additional information about each of the spatial features.  

An example of this would be schools. The actual location of the schools is the spatial data.  Additional data such as the school name, level of education taught, student capacity would make up the attribute data.  It is the partnership of these two data types that enables GIS to be such an effective problem solving tool through spatial analysis.



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